Abashinzwe kugenzura gusudira benshi ntibabura gusoma kugirango basudire imbaraga nimbaraga.Nuko rero, nibyiza ko ugura ibikoresho byabugenewe byo gusudira byogosha ammeter na dinometero.
Kurwanya ibibanza byo gusudira bisa nkibyoroshye kandi byoroshye kugeza igihe gusudira kumenetse, icyo gihe inzira igahita ifata urwego rushya rwingenzi.
Bitandukanye no gusudira arc, itanga pasiporo yoroshye kugenzura mumashusho, gusudira ahantu bisa nkibisanzwe, ariko birashobora gutandukana bitewe no kubura guhuza neza.Nyamara, ntabwo arikosa ryibikorwa.Ibi birashobora kwerekana ko gusudira kwawe ni nto cyane cyangwa yashyizweho nabi kubisabwa.
Mugihe imashini ntoya, yoroheje ishobora kuba ikwiranye na porogaramu zimwe na zimwe, ugomba kumenyeshwa neza kugirango umenye icyo ubona mbere yo gushora imari.
Gusudira ahantu ho gusudira birihariye kuko nuburyo bwihuse bwo guhuza ibyuma utongeyeho ibyuma byuzuza.Iyo gusudira birwanya bingana neza kandi bigashyirwaho, uburyo bwaho bwo gukoresha ubushyuhe bugenzurwa neza buterwa no kurwanya icyuma kumashanyarazi. Kurema ingingo ihimbano ikomeye - yitwa nugget.Imbaraga zo gufatana neza nazo ni impinduka zingenzi kuko zifasha kumenya guhangana.
Iyo ushyizwe mubikorwa neza, gusudira ahantu harwanya nuburyo bwihuta, bukomeye kandi buhendutse bwo guhuza amabati.Nyamara, nubwo gusudira ibibanza byakoreshejwe mubikorwa byinganda mumyaka irenga 100, ntabwo byumvikana neza hanze yinganda zitwara ibinyabiziga.
Mugihe inzira ishobora gusa nkiyoroshye, ugomba gusobanukirwa nibihinduka byinshi nuburyo bwo guhindura buriwese kugirango ugere kubisubizo byifuzwa-ingingo ihimbano ikomeye kuruta icyuma fatizo.
Kurwanya ibibanza byo gusudira bifite ibintu bitatu byingenzi bigomba gushyirwaho neza.Iyi mpinduka irashobora kwerekanwa nka FCT:
Kurwanya ibibanza byo gusudira bisa nkibyoroshye kandi byoroshye kugeza igihe gusudira kumenetse, icyo gihe inzira igahita ifata urwego rushya rwingenzi.
Kudasobanukirwa neza n'akamaro k'ibi bintu bihinduka ndetse nubusabane hagati yabyo birashobora kuvamo gusudira intege nke, kutagaragara neza.Ikibabaje ni uko ibyo bibazo akenshi biterwa nuburyo ubwabyo, byatumye amaduka ayasimbuza uburyo bwihuse kandi buhenze bwo guhuza ibyuma nkibi nka arc gusudira, kuzunguruka, kuzunguruka no gufatira hamwe.
Guhitamo ikibanza gikwiye cyo gusudira no kugenzura birashobora gutera urujijo ba nyiri amaduka kuko hariho ibirango byinshi hamwe n’ibiciro byo guhitamo. Usibye gusudira AC ikoreshwa cyane mu gusudira, imiyoboro yo hagati ya DC hamwe na capacitori yo gusohora irahari.
Igenzura rya elegitoronike ryashyizwe kumasuderi yo kurwanya ubusanzwe ni mubirango bitandukanye no guhitamo kugiti cye. Usibye kugenzura igihe cyo gusudira hamwe na amperage, moderi nyinshi zo kugenzura zigezweho ubu zirimo ibintu bishobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwa digitale byari bisanzwe bihenze, nka upslope na pulsation. Bamwe ndetse batanga ibitekerezo kandi kugenzura ibikorwa byo gusudira nkibintu byubatswe.
Muri iki gihe, abadandaza benshi batumizwa mu mahanga baragurishwa muri Amerika, ariko bake gusa ni bo bahura na Heavy Duty Resistance Welding Manufacturing Alliance (RWMA) hamwe n’ubushobozi bw’ingufu.
Imashini zimwe zifite ubunini kandi zigereranywa ukurikije ibipimo bya kilovolt-ampere (KVA), kandi abakora gusudira barashobora gukoresha amanota yumuriro kugirango bakabya ubushobozi bwimashini zabo, zishobora kwitiranya abaguzi.
Inganda za RWMA zisaba gusudira ahantu kugirango zishyirwemo na transformateur hamwe na 50% byinshuro yumusoro.Icyiciro cyimisoro gipima ijanisha ryigihe transformateur ishobora gukora amashanyarazi nta bushyuhe bukabije mumunota umwe wo kwishyira hamwe. Agaciro gakoreshwa kugirango amashanyarazi ibice ntibikora hejuru yubushobozi bwabo bwubushyuhe.Nyamara, kugirango bitiranya abaguzi, abubaka imashini bamwe bagereranya transformateur zabo 10% gusa, ibyo bikaba birenze inshuro ebyiri ibyapa byabo KVA.
Na none, amanota ya KVA muri rusange ntaho ahuriye nubushobozi bwo gusudira bwukuri bwo gusudira ahantu. Ibisohoka bya kabiri byo gusudira byasohotse biratandukanye cyane hamwe nuburebure bwamaboko (ubujyakuzimu bwumuhogo) bwimashini, ikinyuranyo gihagaritse hagati yamaboko, na voltage ya kabiri ya impinduka.
Kimwe n’umuvuduko wamazi, voltage ya kabiri ya transformateur igomba kuba ndende bihagije kugirango isunikire umuyaga wa kabiri wo gusudira muri transformateur kandi unyuze mumaboko yumuringa wo gusudira hamwe na electrode yo gusudira (tip).
Ibisohoka bya kabiri byahinduwe byo guhinduranya ibintu mubisanzwe ni 6 kugeza 8 V gusa, niba porogaramu yawe yo gusudira isaba imashini yinini yo mu muhogo ifite ukuboko kurekure, urashobora gukenera transformateur ifite urwego rwisumbuye rwa voltage kugirango utsinde inductance ya nini nini ya kabiri .
Iyo gusudira birwanya ubunini buringaniye kandi bigashyirwaho, uburyo bwaho bwogukoresha ubushyuhe bugenzurwa neza buterwa no kurwanya icyuma kumuyoboro wo gusudira bitera urugingo rukomeye - rwitwa nugget.
Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane niba ahantu ho gusudira bisaba igice cyapakirwa mu muhogo wimashini.Icyuma mu muhogo gihungabanya umurima wa magneti uri hagati yamaboko kandi ukambura imashini ya amplifier ikoreshwa.
Imbaraga zo gusudira zisanzwe zikorwa na silinderi.Urugero, kumashini yintoki ya swing, imbaraga zo gusudira ziboneka ziratandukana ukurikije igipimo cyuburebure bwamaboko nintera ya silinderi cyangwa inkoni y ibirenge uhereye kuri fulcrum.Mu yandi magambo , niba ukuboko kugufi gusimbuwe nintoki ndende, imbaraga zo gusudira ziboneka zizagabanuka cyane.
Imashini ikoresha ibirenge isaba uyikoresha gusunika hasi kuri pedal ya mashini kugirango azimye electrode.Kubera imbaraga nke zabakoresha, izi mashini ntizishobora kubyara imbaraga zo guhimba zisabwa kugirango zuzuze ibyiciro byiza byo mu rwego rwa A.
Icyiciro A cyo gusudira gifite imbaraga zisumba izindi kandi zigaragara neza.Ibisubizo byiza byabonetse mugushiraho imashini itanga amperage yo hejuru yisumbuye, igihe gito cyo gusudira, nimbaraga zikwiye.
Twabibutsa ko imbaraga zo gusudira zigomba kuba muburyo bukwiye.Kugabanya imbaraga zingirakamaro zishobora kuvamo ibyuma byangirika kandi bigasunikwa cyane, bisa nkibibiriti. imbaraga zo gusudira no guhindagurika.Guhitamo Imbonerahamwe Yiburyo yo Gusudira Urutonde Urutonde rwimashini yo mu cyiciro cya A, B na C kumubyimba wibyuma bitandukanye bishyirwa mubitabo byifashishwa nka RWMA's Resistance Welding Handbook, Revised Edition Edition 4. Nubwo abasudira bo mu cyiciro C bakomeje kuba bakomeye, mubisanzwe bifatwa nkibitemewe kubera akarere kanini gaterwa nubushyuhe (HAZ) kubera igihe kinini cyo gusudira.Urugero, ibice bibiri byera 18-ga.ibyuma byoroheje bifite urwego A weld yerekana neza 10.300 weld amps, ibiro 650. Imbaraga zo gusudira hamwe ninshuro 8 zo gusudira. icyuma kimwe gihuza ni 6.100 amps, ibiro 205. imbaraga, hamwe ninzinguzingo zigera kuri 42 zo gusudira.Iki gihe cyagutse cyo gusudira kirenze igice cyamasegonda gishobora gushyushya electrode, bigatera akarere kanini cyane gaterwa nubushyuhe, hanyuma amaherezo igatwika imashini isudira isa neza cyane.Muyongeyeho, mubidukikije byumusaruro, icyiciro cya A weld nugget izahora ikomera kandi ubuzima bwa electrode buzaba burebure.Kwiyongera kumayobera yo gushora mubikoresho byashizweho ni uko igenzura ryinshi ryo gusudira ridafite ibisomwa byo gusudira. ikigezweho nimbaraga.Niyo mpamvu, kugirango uhindure neza izi mpinduka zingenzi, nibyiza kugura ibintu byabigenewe byabigenewe byo gusudira byogosha ammeter na dinometero. Igenzura rya Weld numutima wa sisitemu Igihe cyose ikozwe ahantu hasanzwe, ubwiza bwayo hamwe nubudahwema biterwa no guhangana kugenzura gusudira.Ubuhanga bwo kugenzura abasaza ntibushobora gutanga igihe kimwe nubushuhe bwagaciro kuri buri weld.Niyo mpamvu, ugomba gukora igerageza ryangiza ryangiza imbaraga zo gusudira kugirango umenye neza ko ishami ryanyu ryo gusudira ridatanga umusaruro udasanzwe. Kuvugurura igenzura ryawe ryo gusudira nuburyo bwiza buhendutse bwo kuzana ibikorwa byo gusudira birwanya kurwego rwiza, umwe umwe ukurikira.Ku bikorwa bya nyuma byo gusudira ahantu, tekereza gushiraho umugenzuzi mushya wo gusudira hamwe nimbaraga zashizwemo na electrode kuri gukurikirana buri gusudira mugihe nyacyo.Bimwe muribi bigenzura biranagufasha gushyiraho gahunda yo gusudira mu buryo butaziguye muri amps, mugihe imikorere yikirere ishobora gutegurwa ishyiraho ingufu zogusudira. Byongeye kandi, bumwe murubwo buryo bugezweho bukora muburyo bufunze. . nibyiza, tanga amazi hafi yubushyuhe bwicyumba.Iyi recirculator irashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kumusaruro, kuko inama zo gusudira ahantu zishobora kwiyongera byihuse kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bigasaba ingendo nyinshi cyangwa gusimburwa kuri buri mwanya.Kubera ko ubushyuhe bwiza bwamazi kubasudira barwanya ni 55 kugeza kuri dogere 65 Fahrenheit (cyangwa hejuru yikime kibanza kugirango ikingire), nibyiza guhuza imashini na cooler yamazi akonje / recirculator. Iyo bingana neza, ibicurane birashobora gutuma electrode nibindi bikoresho byo gusudira bikonja, bikiyongera cyane umubare wabasudira hagati yimikorere ya electrode cyangwa abasimbuye.Abanyeshuri berekanye ko ushobora kugera ku 8000 weld ku byuma byoroheje cyangwa 3.000 gusudira ku byuma bya galvanis utabanje gutema cyangwa gusimbuza electrode. Birakenewe andi makuru? Bishyura gukorana numucuruzi wujuje ibyangombwa kugirango agufashe guhitamo kandi ukomeze gusudira kwawe. Urashaka kumenya byinshi? Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika yo gusudira (AWS) ifite ibitabo byinshi byerekeranye no gusudira kuburwanya biboneka kubigura. Byongeye kandi, AWS nandi mashyirahamwe atanga amasomo yigisha ibyibanze byuburyo bwo gusudira. Byongeyeho, AWS itanga icyemezo cya Resistance Resistance Welding Technicien, gitangwa nyuma yo gutsinda ikizamini cyibibazo 100-guhitamo byinshi kubumenyi bwuburyo bwo gusudira.
Imbonerahamwe yerekana icyiciro cya A, B, na C igenamiterere ryimashini zitandukanye mubyuma byashyizwe mubitabo byifashishwa, nka RWMA's Resistance Welding Handbook, Ibyah.
Nubwo gusudira mu cyiciro C bigikomeye cyane, mubisanzwe bifatwa nkibitemewe kubera akarere kanini katewe nubushyuhe (HAZ) kubera igihe kinini cyo gusudira.
Kurugero, ibice bibiri byera 18-ga.ibyuma byoroheje bifite urwego A weld yerekana neza 10.300 weld amps, ibiro 650. Imbaraga zo gusudira hamwe nigihe 8 cyo gusudira.
Gahunda yo gusudira yo mu cyiciro C yo guhuza ibyuma bimwe ni 6.100 amps, ibiro 205. imbaraga, hamwe na cycle yo gusudira kugeza kuri 42.Iki gihe kinini cyo gusudira kirenze igice cyamasegonda gishobora gushyushya electrode, bigakora akarere kanini cyane gaterwa nubushyuhe, hanyuma amaherezo gutwika transformateur yo gusudira.
Imbaraga zogosha zingirakamaro zubwoko bumwe bwa C C weld yagabanutse gusa kuva kuri 1.820 ugereranije nubwoko bwa A weld.up ikagera kubiro 1.600, ariko hamwe nikimenyetso gishimishije, gike, Icyiciro A cyo gusudira cyakozwe hamwe nubudozi bunini bukwiye busa neza cyane. . Mubyongeyeho, mubidukikije bitanga umurongo, urwego A weld nugget izahora ikomeye kandi ubuzima bwa electrode buzaba burebure.
Kugirango wongere kumayobera, kugenzura kwinshi gusudira kugenzura kubura gusoma kubisudira byingufu nimbaraga.Niyo mpamvu, kugirango uhindure neza izi mpinduka zingenzi, nibyiza kugura ibintu byabigenewe byabigenewe byo gusudira ammeter na dinometero.
Igihe cyose icyuma gisudira gikozwe, ubwiza bwacyo hamwe nubudahwema biterwa no kugenzura gusudira kurwanya. Ubuhanga bwo kugenzura abasaza ntibushobora gutanga igihe kimwe nubushyuhe bwagaciro kuri buri cyuma.Niyo mpamvu, ugomba gukora ibizamini byangiza byangiza imbaraga zo gusudira kugeza menya neza ko ishami ryawe ryo gusudira ridatanga umusaruro-wo gusudira.
Kuvugurura igenzura ryawe ryo gusudira nuburyo bwiza buhendutse bwo kuzana ibikorwa byawe byo gusudira birwanya ubuziranenge buhoraho, kimwekindi.
Kubikorwa byanyuma byo gusudira, tekereza gushiraho umugenzuzi mushya wo gusudira hamwe nimbaraga zubatswe hamwe nimbaraga za electrode kugirango ukurikirane buri weld mugihe nyacyo.Bimwe muribi bigenzura ndetse biguha uburenganzira bwo gushyiraho gahunda yo gusudira mu buryo butaziguye muri amps, mugihe igenzura ryimikorere yikirere ishobora gutegurwa ishyiraho imbaraga zo gusudira. Byongeye kandi, bimwe muribi bigezweho bigezweho bikora muburyo bufunze, byemeza gusudira kimwe nubwo bihinduka mubintu na voltage yumudugudu.
Ibikoresho byo gusudira ahantu hagomba gukonjeshwa neza kugirango habeho gusudira neza hamwe nubuzima burebure bwa electrode mugihe cyo kubyara. Amaduka amwe n'amwe akoresha imiyoboro ntoya, idakonjeshwa, imeze nkimishwarara y’amazi, nibyiza, itanga amazi hafi yubushyuhe bwicyumba.Iyi mikorere irashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kuri umusaruro, nkinama zo gusudira zishobora kwiyongera byihuse kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bigasaba ingendo nyinshi cyangwa gusimburwa kuri buri mwanya.
Kubera ko ubushyuhe bwiza bwamazi kubasudira birwanya ni dogere 55 kugeza kuri 65 Fahrenheit (cyangwa hejuru yikime cyambere kugirango ikumire), nibyiza guhuza imashini na firime ikonje ikonje / recirculator.Iyo ifite ubunini bukwiye, ibicurane birashobora gukomeza electrode nibindi bikoresho byo gusudira bikonje, bizongera cyane umubare wudoda hagati ya electrode trim cyangwa abasimbuye.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ushobora kugera ku 8000 gusudira ku byuma byoroheje cyangwa gusudira 3.000 ku byuma bya galvanis utabanje gutema cyangwa gusimbuza electrode.
Byishyura gukorana numucuruzi wujuje ibyangombwa kugirango agufashe guhitamo no gukomeza gusudira.
Urashaka kwiga byinshi? Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika Welding (AWS) ifite ibitabo byinshi byerekeranye no gusudira kurwanya iboneka kubigura. Byongeye kandi, AWS n'indi miryango itanga amasomo yigisha ibyibanze byuburyo bwo gusudira.
Byongeye kandi, AWS itanga icyemezo cya Resistance Resistance Welding Technicien, gitangwa nyuma yo gutsinda ikizamini cyibibazo 100-guhitamo byinshi kubumenyi bwuburyo bwo gusudira.
WELDER, yahoze ari Welding Pratique uyumunsi, yerekana abantu nyabo bakora ibicuruzwa dukoresha kandi dukorana burimunsi.Iki kinyamakuru kimaze imyaka isaga 20 gikorera umuryango wo gusudira muri Amerika ya ruguru.
Noneho hamwe no kubona uburyo bwuzuye bwa digitale ya FABRICATOR, byoroshye kubona umutungo winganda zingirakamaro.
Igitabo cya Digitale y'Ikinyamakuru Tube & Pipe ubu kiragerwaho rwose, gitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona ibikoresho by'inganda bifite agaciro.
Ishimire byuzuye kubisobanuro bya digitale yikinyamakuru STAMPING, gitanga iterambere rigezweho ryikoranabuhanga, imikorere myiza namakuru yinganda kumasoko ya kashe.
Noneho hamwe no kubona byuzuye kuri digitale ya The Fabricator en Español, byoroshye kubona umutungo winganda zingirakamaro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-05-2022